python中MySQLdb使用utf-8字符集

要避免乱码需要做好以下几点

python源代码保存为utf-8
数据库建成utf-8
mysql连接设置为utf-8
查询結果中的文本字段是unicode的，转回utf-8

总结性的示例代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import MySQLdb

if __name__ == '__main__':
    mysql = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='123456', charset='utf8')
    cursor = mysql.cursor()
    cursor.execute('SET NAMES UTF8')
    sql = 'DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS mysqldb_utf8_test'
    cursor.execute(sql)
    sql = 'CREATE DATABASE mysqldb_utf8_test DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci'
    cursor.execute(sql)
    mysql = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='123456', db='mysqldb_utf8_test', charset='utf8')
    cursor = mysql.cursor()
    cursor.execute('SET NAMES UTF8')
    sql = 'CREATE TABLE utf8_table(key_field VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, value_field VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL)'
    cursor.execute(sql)
    key = 'tangxinfa'
    value = '好人一个'
    sql = 'INSERT INTO utf8_table VALUES("%s", "%s")'%(key, value)
    cursor.execute(sql)       #注意某些旧版本的mysql（如4.1.22以下），mysql.character_set_name()总是返回latin1，会引起乱码，需要改为cursor.execute('INSERT INTO utf8_table VALUES("%s", "%s")', (key, value))
    sql = 'select * from utf8_table'
    cursor.execute(sql)
    for record in cursor.fetchall():
        for item in record:
            print item.encode('utf8')

参考